Liquid-fuel burner



Sept. 23, 1930. E. R. BRADLEY l 1,776,330

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed Sept. 28, 1928 ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 23, 1930 'ELLIOTT n'. BRADLEY, or CARMEL, cALIFonNiA LIQU'In-VFUEL E'URNE'E j `Aliplcaton'filed. September 28,1928. SeralhNo. 309,008.

The presentinvention relates to liquid fuel burners and for thejpurposeof this ,specification' is illustrated inthe first embodiment as being applied vto an lordinary cook-stove; in the second, as aburner which may bey applied' to heaters for household purposes, schocls, assembly-halls or wherever artiicial heat is required. f' Myyinvention has for'its objects the fol-` elowingjdesideratums: y

VTo'provide a `burner having a gas-generating space included between an outer and ,l an inner wall, saidspace being closed at both l,ends except for a liquid-fuel inlet adjacent 25 one end thereof and a series of gas outlets provided in said inner wall adjacentvthe other end thereof: v j l v To provide a gas-generating burner having an interior passage-way therethrough adapted tosupply a down .draft of air through the burner that it may Ymix with yjets of g'as withinlsaidpassage-way adjacent Vthe outer end of the burner:

To provide a baffle element below said'jetsv `as an aidrv to combustion-z To provide support means for the burner vfuel line leading froma source of fuel supply to said burner: Y e

To so dispose said support memberin relation tothe gas jets of the burner that both the air for the mixture and the said liquid fuel will be ,I )reheatedrv y To provide as an article of manufacture,

a burner that lhas few parts, is substantial ofconstructiom-easy toinstall orv remove, 1li gives high efhciency of, operation and which can besupplied at areasonable cost.

The Vburner ofmy inventionisl designed to use low grade gasolene, distillate or kero- Y sene or any otherfsubstitute that willgive off great heat at alow cost, Obviously with fuel of this general character a burner must have `a high ,safety-factor which is fullymet within the burner per se by the construction thereof whichis incapable of being exploded, whereas, any leakage of fuel that may occur through 'the regulative valve means would find exit from thev vicinity of the burner by the means shown and described as a catch-all, whichcarries away anyA drippings urner whennot in use. j f

With the foregoingfand other advantages,v the invention consists inl the novel construction and arrangement of parts, particularly y-f specified' in the claims and illustrated 'byithe` egt/,1

accompanying drawings, in which, j

lFigure `l represents a Vvertical cross-section through a cook-stoveand a burner B of my*V invention interrelated therewith.`

LF ig. 2 shows a detached vertical mid-section of another form ofthe invention.

denotes a cook-stove structure "with "my 80 burner BQ in the lire-box element 2 thereof, said burner beingsupported on the vertical member 3a ofthe air duct 3 by means of the radial armsll which may be'cast integrally with the said duct member and be secured in S5 liXed concentric relation to the inner shell 5 4Of'Said burner by spot-welding or in other suitable manner. There are preferably three of "said armssetradially lv20degrees apart, the'third one being cut away in yl3`ig. l.v j 90 The shell 5 is a metallic. cylinder `'cut off square atthe bottom end and flared over' at the upper end thereof to form the top flanges 6 of the burner element,.said flange being of*r suflic'ient diameter to yextend outwardly ak suit- 95 able distance all round the top of the outer shell 7 of said 'element-B. `Said shell 7 being concentrically Idisposedaround vthe-shell 5 `so asto leave the annular space8 between said shells so as tform a gas reservoir, said shell o of fuel clear from the region of the y i i 7 being rounded inwardly at the bottom end ffl - Ais similarly welded to the inner side of the f -lange 10 at 12, while adjacent-ly above the flange or lip 10 the'shell 5 is perforated 'by a plurality of small holes-13ffor the issuance of gas in suitable quantities from the generat- Ying space 8 to produce a well balanced'inix with a down-draft of air thus securing a high i co-etlcient of combustion andconsequentfreduction of soot.

vlNhil'e I do notwish to be restricted-either y vtions ofthe damperi'nf relation to those' of,`

said'portion; A. y n t n l y,Obviouslyy in cases `where largerare'as are Y to be heated burnersB of ylargerV dimensionsV maybe employed ormultiples used as diagrammatically indicated at Fig. 4." f.

as to the number orfin respectv to the diameter of said perforations I will state that Ivhave found-in practicethat six such holes drilled 4 ywith a number fifty drill `afford'excellen't re sults with a burner B" of three and'one qua-rf ter inches diameter. v

VAt a point ldirectly verticall tothe spaceiv8 theflange/G is vertically drilledto receivel theV L member 14 forfpipe connectionto the needle-valve 15.

inrrig. 2 the barriere Offaly invention is; shown as it wo'uldappear` if one ofthe stoveV lids r.16 were removed from thelfiref-bo'x element of astove andthe burner B; set downl v therein with the outer riml of the flange Gresting on` the annular shoulder 17 which affords a convenient-form ofm'y inventionfor use in connection with ordinary housholdheaters; in

` i which case the down draft required is suclied in by the gas'j ets as indicated bythe arrowsabove the burner. f i y v n k By reference to Fig'. l1,'l ad] acently below the burner element Bis the-funnel-shaped eatch-k Vall member 18 being preferably cast integrally with said air-duct and being providedvwith the perforations 1'9 leading through the ywall thereof from said catch-all to the interior of the duct thus establishing downwardfluid passageway from said catch-fall to the lip outside thestove. y'Extending below the member 18 said duct forms the right bend 21 thusforming the horizontal limb 3with the flangel 22 extending laterallytherefrom so as to Lfit against the inner side of said stove structure,-

saidstructure being bored for the passage:

therethrough of the thickened portion, .23.y which is-externally screw-threaded for inter-i i' engagement with the nut 24: which,A when.:

drawn up'tightagainst the outer structureof the stove securesv the complete burnerYB-car- `ried by said air duct firmly in position withl inthe stove.

The portion 3b of said duct 3 which extends beyond said nut isturned off yto a vsmooth cylindrical" shape having a closed end 3c verticallydisposed but provided with a drip open? ing25 and being 'centrally'bored for the fuel" l duct 26. 'Saidy fuelduct'after entering said ing fuel-connection between a source of fuel l supply and the space 8 under regulative control ofthe valve 15. The damper member 30 j I' is a nice slipfit` on the portion 8b being turn-l` ableithereon and held'against axial' displace-V portion Sb by the screw 32. Both said vporvt'ionrand the damper 30 being provided with registering perforations vas 33 vpassing through-theirrespecveiwalls for ingress of airV under regulative yadjustment attained by v ment bythe collar 31 which is retained on the circumferential regulationfof :the perfora- VTo operate, .the needle valve'15fisA very slightly open thus allowinggfuel'gto tricklel through the orifices 13 by gravitation VVfrom-a highei'source, when this is lightedlbut a few moments expire before theYV heat ascending from the blaZing-,fuel'fthus spattere-dhony the V i fcatchfalll 18 causesv gas 'to generate within the space and jetforthfroml said orifices,v this in turn sucks air in from above which is .caused to eddy round the edge of thebaflle llip 10 thereby aordingbetter adinixture ofolxyY ge'nwithV the escaping gases with a` resulting said lia-nge or lip "10' causesthe heatwaves to 10e improvementfof combustion. As soonas the burner-beglnsfto run on its/'own gas vsaid, down'rush of air pastgthe Jet elements and j great heatto all adjacent structure,-which'mayy also, be (caused. to circulate. about an oven structure C or thelike as indicated. Y

It should be borne in 4mind thatowingto H0 fthe protected disposition'of said lorifices-13 abovesaid lip refuse fmay Vbe,ineineratedion Y theoutside of the burner'B without liability to plugy upl saido'rilices..KV A furtherjadVantage of having the jets converging ltoward a common center is that their impingement toward or against a commoncenter tends to'V improve the mixture of said gases of combus tion.l 1

' It isbeli'eved the construction-5 opera-gv tin and advantages of the invention willl now beclearly understood. i The present ein- ,bodi'nients of the invention have rvbeendisk,closed in detailmerel'y by way of example,l since inl actual practice they attain the 'fea' tures of advantage set forthasfdesideratu'ms` in the statement of above description.

' Numerous kchange struetion, Yandi-in the combination andar# the invention and the s fin the. vdeans of( een;

rangement of parts vmay be resorted to with out departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed or sacrificin any of its davantages.

aving thus described my invention, what I claim as new is y f l. A burner of the kind described comy prising metallic shell-like walls and ends e11- bustible mixture with air inducted by saidY ignited gas, the metallic shell-like walls being of cylindrical formation and of different diameters and adaptedto fit concentrically together, one inside the other, the inner shell flanged diametrically outward at the top so as to close the abutting outer shell and leave an outer annular shoulder extending beyond y said louter shell, the outer shell being squared ofi' at the' upper end to lit underneath said Y upper flange and being flanged inwardly at the lower end thereof so as to close the abutting end of the inner shell and leave an invwardly projecting ledge, saidabutting end being adaptedto be secured to their respective abutting anges by welding.

2. A burner of the character described comprising a-pair of concentric cylindrical shellsv spaced from each other to provide a fuel receiving chamber, gas outlets inv the inner shell, an outwardly directed flange at the upper ends of the shells, and an inwardly directed flange at the lower 'end of the Shells for baiiiing air currents passing through the burner.`

`v 3. A burner Ofgthe character described comprising a pair of concentriccylindrical shells spaced from'each other to provide a A fuel receiving chamber, gas outletsr in the inner shell, an outwardly directed flange on the upper' edge of the inner shell extending beyond the outer shell and an inwardly direct- Y ed flangeon the lower edge of the outer shell extending inwardly beyond the inner shell to rvbaffle air currents passing through the burner.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, this 18th day of September, 1928.

, Y ELLIOTT Ry. BRADLEY. 

